Abstract: Mine dust not only destroys the working environment of coal mine workers, but also causes pneumoconiosis and coal dust explosion which severely restricts the safety production of coal mines in our country. The prevention of mine dust hazards need to start from the source. By analyzing various rock (coal) breaking methods, the generation mechanism of mine dust is obtained in the rock (coal) breaking process, which includes mechanical cutting, rock fragmentation by blasting, supporting, transportation, loading and so on. Mechanical cutting is the main operation mode and generation source of mine dust in coal mines.