Abstract: In order to solve the support difficulty of roadway in Zaoyuan Mine with loose and broken coal seam, the model of internal and external bearing structure of surrounding rock in loose and broken coal seam was proposed, the coordinated bearing mechanism of internal and external structure was researched, and its bearing properties was analyzed. The carrying capacity of the inner bearing structure could be enhanced by improving the mechanical properties of surrounding rock and adding the thickness of the internal bearing structure. The role of internal and external structure was analyzed by using FLAC^3D. According to the control principle of surrounding rock, the industrial test was carried out in 23081 roadway of Zaoyuan Coal Mine. The mine pressure observation showed that the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock was effectively controlled during the roadway driving period, and the roadway maintenance could meet the requirements of the mine production.