Abstract: In order to research the adsorption characteristic of coal, the experiment chooses temperature, water content, particle size and metamorphic grade as factors affecting the coal adsorption and typical combination plan methane adsorption experiment was carried out according to orthogonal design principle. In the process of analyzing the sensitivity of various factors using range analysis, experiment results found that the sensitivity of adsorption constant a on influence factors by the size of the order is volatile, temperature, particle size, moisture content. The sensitivity of adsorption constant b on influence factors by the size of the order is volatile, moisture content, temperature, particle size. For the same coal rank, the temperature of coal methane adsorption capacity plays a main control role and the constant a respects coal methane adsorption limit. As a result, when factors of coal change, such as temperature of coal moisture content, temperature real-time monitoring is the most important thing to prevent gas desorption in great quantities because of the temperature changing which can cause gas overrun and even accidents of coal and gas outburst in process of mining.