Abstract: In order to prevent roadway roof accident, we combined with safety potential evaluation method of roof stability to study instability mechanism, analyzed plastic zone range and roof separation instability correlation, and proposed a kind of roadway roof instability comprehensive early warning method. Therefore, taking auxiliary transport roadway at 31305 working face as an example, we analyzed the risk of roof instability, and took appropriate measures of setting anchor cable + W steel belt to control deep deformation of surrounding rock roof. From the monitoring results, surrounding rock is stability than before, which effectively reduces roadway roof accident risk factor.