Abstract: The method of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis is used to research the deformation and stress of filling roadway and working face surrounding rock to analyze laws of deformation of surrounding rock in steep coal seam backfill mining. The results show that it does not have obvious change in deformation but has obvious reduction on stress of filling roadway surrounding rock with the increase of filling mining ratio; it does not have obvious change in stress but has more effective control on the deformation of roof and floor; some problems which should be paid attention in the actual production are proposed.