Abstract: As the direct executor in production and operation activities, the behavior of mine worker has a direct impact on mine safety production. In order to effectively reduce the incidence rate of mine production, in this paper, we take mine workers' unsafe behavior as the research object to explore its occurrence mechanism. On the basis of the related academic achievements at home and abroad, a new definition and classification method of unsafe behavior was created and the influence factors of mine workers' intentional and unintentional unsafe behavior were analyzed according to the cognitive psychology and action implementation process. For the purpose of better guiding mine safety management, a mechanism model of mine workers' unsafe behavior was also constructed.