Abstract: Taking the upper goaf structure and spatial scope of vertical slot coal in Xinjiang Urumchi Jiangou Coal Mine as exploration target, through the forward and inversion numerical simulation of ground transient electromagnetic theory and site practice, we analyze the goaf structure characteristics and spatial distribution of vertical slot coal from the upper part of +495 m elevation to +800 m elevation. On the west side of the exploration area, two low resistivity anomalies correspond to the goaf of Jiangou Coal Mine working face and the original Anningqu Coalmine goaf, and the low resistance anomaly in the east side is the original Anningqu Coal Mine goaf. The west side of the small coalmine goaf is located at the upper of +518 m elevation within 50 m, and the structure is regular; the eastern side of the small coalmine goaf is located at the upper of +562 m elevation within 50 m, and the structure is relatively complex.