Abstract: Taking Hengyuan Coal Mine as an example, according to the sedimentary characteristics of Cenozoic water-bearing and water-resisting layer and the theory of elastic mechanics, we give the displacement function of each aquifer and water-resisting layer. The analytical solution of frictional resistance acting on shaft lining during the sinking of each layer is got by using the variational method when the floor of unconsolidated layers contains or releases water. On this basis, the Mohr-Coulomb shear failure theory is used to analyze the strength of shaft lining. The critical waterhead fall of non-mining fracturing of shaft lining is got. The ultimate additional load is 0.68 MPa when the shaft lining of Hengyuan Coal Mine occurrs non-lining fracturing and the drop of head is 68 m. The calculation results obtained from formula agree well with the actual condition of mines.