Abstract: Coal resources are the material base for the survival of large-scale coal bases. As one of the 14 large-scale coal bases in China, Shendong Mining Area has made great achievements in resource development and utilization, but there are some problems to be solved urgently along with the development process. Based on the present situation of development, this paper analyzes the existing problems from the main factors which influence the development potential of the base, including the resources, policies, market, ecology, environment and water resources, and comes to the proposals of ensuring the sustainable development of Shendong Mining Area.