Abstract: In order to grasp the laws of fire spreading and smoke flow in transportation roadway, a FDS similar model of 11 m×0.5 m×0.4 m was established based on fire simulation test platform of 12 m×0.7 m×0.9 m. Setting fire power Q=2.51 kW, wind speed range of 0 to 0.8 m/s, the distribution of temperature field, the smoke movement and the spread of belt conveyer fire in the roadway were simulated using FDS similarity model. The results show that longitudinal ventilation is the main factor of changing the roadway fire temperature field distribution and gas diffusion, the average rate of fire spread is proportional to the wind velocity, wind speed has a significant influence on the temperature field, smoke spread and fire spread rate of belt conveyor fire.