Abstract: In order to improve coal mine safety management level and reduce the unsafe behavior of miners, based on the social exchange theory and the theory of planned behavior, a hypothesis model of miners’ perceived organizational support and unsafe behavior was proposed and behavior intention was taken as the mediating variable in model. Taking a local coal mine in Shanxi as the research object, questionnaire survey was conducted for 205 underground miners, and we used the structural equation model （ＳＥＭ） to verify the hypothesis. It is found that different components of perceived organizational support have remarkable influence on miners’ unsafe behavior, and miners’ behavior intention mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support and miners’ unsafe behavior. In safety management, the coal mine enterprises can improve the miners’ perceived organizational support and intervene the miners’ unsafe behavior intention to reduce the unsafe behavior of miners.