Abstract: In order to solve the problem of large deformation and big maintenance input of surrounding rock of coal rock roadway, by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement, the failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the coal mine of Gaojiazhuang Mine are compared. The results show that the laneway’s side of coal seam and the unequal thickness of main roof are the main causes of large scale destruction of surrounding strata; and the insufficiency of roadway and roof support is the fundamental reason to influence the control effect of surrounding rock. Through the comprehensive comparison study, the support scheme is optimized, and the support of coal wall side is increased, and the support technology of anchor cable for unequal thickness composite roof is proposed. The practice shows that the large deformation and damage of roof strata in the main roadway are controlled to some degree; the large deformation of laneway’s side is reduced, and the maintenance cycle of the roadway is improved and the maintenance input of the roadway is reduced.