Abstract: The hydrogeology condition of Sichuan coal mine area is complex; karst water is a big threat to safety production of coal mines. On the basis of analyzing coal-bearing strata characteristics, the distribution characteristics and occurrence forms of karst water in Sichuan coal mine area are systematically researched, by analyzing the classic case, the reasons of karst water burst mainly include nature reason and human reason, and the comprehensive measures of karst water treatment with hydrogeology supplement exploration, dewatering mining, optimizing the drainage system, choosing the best mining method, implement enterprise’s main body responsibility are proposed.