Abstract: In order to monitor the change of fire area in Wuda Coalfield after fire extinguishing project accurately and efficiently, the generalized single-channel algorithm is used to study the inversion of the surface temperature of Wuda Coalfield based on the Landsat-8 satellite remote sensing image covering the Wuda Area. Then the spatial distribution of coal fire in coalfield was extracted by setting a certain threshold, and its reliability was verified by the monitoring results with other images acquired in adjacent period. Finally, the distribution changes of coal fire from 2015 to 2017 was computed and given. The results indicate that extracted coal field fire area distribution range is obvious, and has a relative high reliability. And the distribution of coal fire region is basically stable during recent three years with just only a little increase.