Abstract: The problems caused by coal dust have attracted much attention in occupational health, environmental pollution, life safety and property damage in recent years. Spraying dust suppressant is considered as one of the effective methods to solve the problem of coal dust. This paper introduces three kinds of mechanism of dust suppressant, wetting, adhesion and cohesion. The research progress of dust suppressant is mainly reviewed from traditional dust suppression agent and new dust suppression agent two aspects in recent years. It is mainly discussed the status of composite dust suppressants and environmental protection dust suppressants.