Abstract: The implementation of the risk pre-control management system has reduced the number of coal mine accidents and the number of deaths. However, due to the unscientific and unsystematic problems existing in the implementation of this system, the coal mine accident control has not achieved the expected effect, scientifically and effectively assess the current status of coal mine risk pre-control management is particularly critical. This paper builds a coal mine risk pre-control management system effectiveness model based on ANP and TOPSIS, the effectiveness of the risk pre-control management system of coal mine is evaluated from six aspects: risk pre-control management, safeguard management, personnel unsafe behavior management, production factor management, comprehensive management and inspection, audit and review, finally, Wanglou Coal Mine is taken as an example for empirical study. The results show that the calculated reference value is 0.51, indicating that the system is at a generally effective level. Among them, the most influential factors of the effectiveness of the system are safeguard management, unsafe behavior management and security factor management. The management of these three aspects should be strengthened to enhance its effectiveness.