Abstract: It is difficult to extract gas from coal seam with low permeability and low concentration. This paper presents a design idea of coal seam permeability improvement technology based on shock wave technology. Through practical test, the effect of coal seam permeability was obvious, the gas concentration increased from 10 % to 13.98 %, and increased about 40 %. After the operation, the effect is kept for a long time, which can meet the demand of mine gas extraction. Shock wave permeability improvement technology equipment which is small size, light weight, easy to move operation can meet the technical requirements of underground coal mine.