Abstract: To prevent the rock burst disaster when the northern 3^# section of No. 18 coal seam crossed the overlying retained pillar area in Nanshan Coal Mine, based on the stress source and manifestation of stress, the factors causing the rock burst disaster were analyzed, the prevention measures including static partial pressure relief and dynamic load shock absorption and energy dissipation were formulated. Practice showed that the dynamic and static force superposed in the overlying retained pillar area, and the impact risk was high. Based on the thought of separate source prevention, the static load level of the surrounding rock of the roadway was reduced by fully mechanized caving mining and blasting pressure relief, the dynamic load disturbance was reduced by roof blasting pre-splitting and coal pillar hydraulic fracturing, and support reinforcement of full roadway section was designed to improve the anti-outburst ability, which ensured that the surrounding rock of the roadway was in low stress, and the micro-seismic energy was released in the form of low energy level and multi-frequency. It effectively avoided the occurrence of rock burst.