Abstract: The similarities and differences between China and the United States can provide references for the prevention of unsafe actions in China. 10 explosion accidents in China from 2005 to 2016 and 10 gas explosion accidents in the United States from 1980 to the present were analyzed based on the accidental cause 24 Model, taking the case analysis method and comparative analysis method. The principles of classification of unsafe actions in gas explosion accidents are determined, and the unsafe actions were classified and analyzed. The results show that there are 72 unsafe actions in China and 48 unsafe actions in the United States. Unsafe operations are the most frequent operations in China and the United States compared to unsafe actions and unsafe command. The most frequent category of unsafe operation in the United States is “no gas concentration detected” and “illegal blasting” in China. Both in the United States and China, “no gas concentration detected” and “no self-rescue device” are unsafe operations with high frequency, which should be mainly prevented.