Abstract: In order to better study the bursting and shatter characteristics and laws of coal under the gas pressure, a laboratory device is designed to test the bursting and shatter characteristics of coal with high pressure gas under different pressure conditions. The coal samples were taken from 1203 working face in Hongyang 2^# mine. And the Weibull distribution function was used to analyze the experimental data. The results show that the critical value is between 0.5 MPa and 0.7 MPa when coal is exploded and shattered; the particle size of the shattering coal derived from experiment obeys Weibull distribution. The regression curve is a linear function, and the linear regression is good. Then, the specific functional expression of the particle size distribution of the coal can be obtained; the greater the gas pressure is, the more serious the crushing degree of the coal sample is, i.e. When the cumulative screening rate of crushed coal is 63.2%, the smaller the characteristic particle size is, the larger the proportion of pulverized coal is.