Abstract: The potential risks in the mechanized mining operations of coal mines are likely to cause major casualties and property losses. Based on the analysis of the environment, process and post characteristics of coal mine mechanization, combined with the new standard operation procedures of coal mines, this paper identifies the unsafe factors of the three major job positions: excavation, support and overhaul, and applies LEC method to carry on?the qualitative - quantitative - qualitative evaluation, and the risk level of various unsafe factors is obtained. The safety risk map is drawn and a targeted strategy is proposed. It can effectively reduce the unsafe behavior of people in coal mine excavation work positions, improve the efficiency of comprehensive excavation, and provide reference for the safety management of coal mine excavation operations.