Abstract: In order to study the pore characteristics and adsorption characteristics of the coal samples of Bulianta Mine, the low temperature nitrogen adsorption test and isothermal gas adsorption test of coal samples were carried out. By analyzing the low temperature nitrogen adsorption test, it is found that the specific surface area of the coal sample of Bulianta Mine is obviously larger than that of other coal samples, and the pore size distribution of the coal sample is mainly concentrated in the micro-porous section less than 10 nm. As to the isothermal adsorption test, the results show that the gas adsorption amount of the coal sample is significantly lower than that of other coal samples with the same degree of deterioration. The test results of the coal sample adsorption characteristics show that the adsorption characteristics of the coal sample of Bulianta Mine have obvious characteristics of “large specific surface area but small gas adsorption amount”, which is greatly deviated from the traditional physical adsorption theory, considering the thermal motion of gas molecules, establishing micro-pore gas molecular adsorption model explains the reason for this phenomenon.