Abstract: In view of the existing problems such as short working time, manual synchronization, insufficient drilling depth recorded by “number of drill rods”, etc., a new type of trajectory-while-drilling instrument is developed by using the key technologies, such as depth real-time measurement, intelligent power management and automatic data synchronization and mapping. The new trajectory-while-drilling instrument is composed of linear displacement sensor, pressure sensor and Hall switch. It has the functions of automatic borehole depth measurement, intelligent power management, automatic matching of measurement data and depth, etc. The test results show that the new trajectory-while-drilling instrument works stably and reliably, does not need manual intervention, works for a long time, and has high production efficiency.