Abstract: In order to develop the spontaneous fire prevention and control work better and faster, combined with the spontaneous fire formation mechanism, this paper introduces the control principle, research status on technical materials and process equipment system of spontaneous fire prevention and extinguishing technology, such as mining technical measures, plugging, pressure balance, grouting, inert gas, inhibitor, gel and three-phase foam. Meanwhile, to protect the coal mine safety production and push the coal industrial sustainable development, the development direction of internal-caused fire fire prevention and control technology in mine is prospected from the aspects of strengthening basic theoretical research and accelerating the research and development of new materials and process equipment.