Abstract: The effectiveness of management and control on hazards largely decides the level of risk pre-control in coal mine. Based on the taxonomy of hazards which are divided into root hazards and status hazards, root hazards are subdivided into physical hazards and nonphysical hazards, status hazards are subdivided into identified status hazards and unidentified status hazards in this paper. Then a model of accident causation mechanism based on hazards is constructed. Polarized management theory of hazards is proposed which includes maximization of status hazards identification, minimization of probability that the identified status hazards are out of control and minimization of accident probability that caused by status hazards beyond control. The methods system for polarized management is constructed.