Abstract: In order to achieve the expected reinforcement effect and ensure safety of the project, this paper aims to analyze the requirements of geological conditions on the performance of grouting materials based on the characteristics of coal mine underground engineering. The effects of polyether polyols and isocyanate index on the strength and toughness of grouting materials are explored. Through the modification, the compressive strength of the material is as high as 85　MPa, the bond strength is as high as 6.2　MPa, and it has suitable toughness. The results indicate that the strength and toughness of polyurethane reinforced materials can be controlled by changing the parameters of polyether polyol and isocyanate index. The appropriate material properties and reasonable support methods can effectively prevent the deformation of the roadway and to significantly improve the stability of the roadway.