Abstract: In order to solve the problem of rock burst in the gob roadway of Hulusu Coal Mine, the anti rock burst mechanism of large diameter boreholes and pre-split holes in roof is studied by theoretical analysis method. The results show that: the limit equilibrium zone of roadway surrounding rock can be simulated by series of elasto visco elements, and the deep elastic zone can be simulated by complete elastomer element; large diameter pressure relief drilling can change the surrounding rock structure of roadway, realize the transformation from complete elastic body element to elastic visco body element in elastic zone, provide space for elastic strain energy dissipation, and make concentrated stress transfer to deep surrounding rock. The pressure relief protection belt formed around the roadway can attenuate the dynamic load stress wave; the roof fracturing hole can change the physical and mechanical properties of the roof rock in situ, reduce the integrity and strength of the roof rock, dissipate the energy carried by the dynamic load stress wave, and reduce the risk of rock burst. Combined with the practice of return air roadway in 21103 working face, the mechanism of shock initiation induced by dynamic and static load is qualitatively explained. The pressure relieftechnical scheme of large diameter borehole and roof fracturing hole is formulated. By comparing the microseismic energy events before and after rock burst, the anti rock burst effect of the technical scheme is verified.