Abstract: In order to study the influence of the internal structural parameters of the gas-water nozzle on the atomization performance, the atomization characteristics of the nozzles with different structural parameters were analyzed based on the self-built test platform and the Doppler laser fog particle counter, and field test verification was carried out. The research shows that when the water pressure is constant, with the increase of the air supply pressure, the size of the three key internal structural parameters of the nozzle and the air consumption, and the range of the nozzle gradually increase; the larger the diameter, the wider the range of particle size distribution, and the smaller the proportion of small-sized particles. At the same time, when the diameter of the air cap is constant, appropriately increasing the diameter of the air passage and water passage can optimize the atomization effect; the 4# nozzle with the best atomization effect in the test results is carried out in the underground coal mine field test, and it is concluded that the dust reduction efficiency at the side of the driver and 15 m to 20 m on the downwind side of the shearer is 61%, 62%, 62%, and 63% respectively, showing good dust reduction effects.