Abstract: To improve the thermal insulation performance of thermal insulation concrete for mining and save energy, we developed an environmentally friendly thermal insulation concrete with better thermal insulation and performance using a recyclable green organic matter wheat straw fiber. Scanning electron microscopy of the wheat straw fiber revealed that it had a large number of closed microporous structures, which are good heat insulation materials. Different percentages of wheat straw fibers（0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%） and cement quality were mixed into the thermal insulation mortar, and the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation concrete gradually decreased. When maintained at 0.201 0-0.200 2 W/（ｍ·Ｋ）, the compressive strength first increased and then decreased, and the maximum compressive strength was 7.14 MPa. Adding 2% of wheat straw fiber can improve the thermal insulation performance and compressive strength. Compared with the heat-insulation concrete without straw fiber, the heat-insulation property and compressive strength are improved, and the heat-insulation property and compressive strength are increased 7.5% and 5.9% respectively.