Abstract: In this paper, the dust inhibition effect of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether（ＡＥＯ₉）, sodium dodecyl sulfate（ＳDＳ） and dodecyl trimethylamine bromide（DＴＡＢ） on respirable dust from Jincheng anthracite was studied. The dynamic surface tension of the surfactant solution and the dynamic contact angle on the surface of anthracite were measured by hanging drop method and pedicle drop method at CMC concentration; the adsorption strength of the surfactant and anthracite, the stability of the micelle and the diffusion coefficient of the single molecule in water were studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Experimental results show that AEO9 solution has the best dust reduction effect on coal dust, followed by SDS and DTAB the worst. Above the critical micelle concentration（ＣＭＣ）, the equilibrium surface tension of the hanging drop is AEO₉9（865．3 ｍｓ）9 solution on the surface of anthracite drops the fastest. The simulation results show that the interaction strength between AEO₉ and the surface of anthracite is the strongest, followed by DTAB, and SDS is the weakest. Although the diffusion coefficient of AEO₉ in water is smaller than that of SDS and DTAB, but the micelles formed by AEO₉ in solution are most easily dissociated. It is the reason why the AEO₉ solution has better dust suppression effect.