Abstract: In order to reduce the environmental burden and human health hazards caused by coal dust, in this paper, the method of graft copolymerization was adopted. Nanocellulose was selected as the main structural material, grafting acrylic monomer to the main structure, and adding a certain amount of wetting agent（ｓｏｄｉｕｍ ｄｏｄｅｃｙｌ－ｂｅｎｚｅｎｅ ｓｕｌｆｏｎａｔｅ）, a graft copolymerized polymer dust suppressant with properties of moisture and coagulation is prepared. According to the viscosity and water retention indexes, the optimal volume fraction of dust suppressant spraying was determined to be 0.5%. Surface tension, pH, FT-IR and TG-DTG were tested to determine their physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the two monomers were grafted, and the reactants had good thermal stability, and no damage to the environment and equipment. The contact angle experiment was used to verify that the contact angle between the dust inhibitor and the coal sample was 28.32°. The penetration depth reached 5.25 cm within 60 min, so it had good wettability. Scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the dust suppression mechanism of dust suppressor. The evaporation resistance test shows that it can resist the high temperature environment of 50 ℃. The results ofthe wind erosion test showed that the dust suppression efficiency could reach 98% under the wind speed of 9 m/s. It had a good condensation and moisturizing effect.