Abstract: The Jurassic coal field in northern Shaanxi Province is generally threatened by roof water damage, so it is vital to study the law of overburden failure for mine safety production. Taking Yuandatan Coal Mine as an example, the development height of “two zones” in overlying rock of 11201 first working face of 2# coal seam was analyzed and studied through the observation of the loss of flushing fluid in the ground borehole and the field measurement of water pressure test, combined with numerical simulation and similar material simulation. The results show that based on the results of various methods, the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone in the roof of the 11201 first mining face of 2# coal seam in Yuandatan Coal Mine is determined to be about 104.36-110.37 m, and the fracturing ratio is about 32.61-34.49 times calculated according to the mining height of 3.2 m. Through the analysis and evaluation of roof water damage, it is considered that the mining of 2# coal seam is not directly affected by the overlying Cretaceous Luohe Formation aquifer, Quaternary aquifer and surface water, and the future roof water prevention and control work should mainly drain Jurassic Yan’an and Zhiluo formations aquifer water within the development range of overlying rock water-conducting fracture zone.