Abstract: Coal spontaneous combustion and gas symbiosis disaster prevention and control has become an important issue to be solved urgently in coal mines. In order to explore the coupling characteristics and disaster-causing mechanism of symbiotic disasters, the evolution process of symbiotic disasters was studied by methods such as numerical simulation, and the early warning and prevention system framework of symbiotic disasters was established. The results show that the symbiotic disasters are based on the interweaving of multi-field time-space coupling, the ventilation volume increases, the air leakage in the goaf increases, and the disaster area moves to the middle and deep parts of the goaf; compared with the U-shaped ventilation system, the Y-shaped ventilation system can be effectively prevent gas accumulation in the upper corner, and the disaster area moves to the middle and deep parts of the goaf. Based on gas concentration and temperature, the symbiotic disasters early warning model is established, and a symbiotic disasters collaborative prevention and control system is proposed from the aspects of gas control, time control, oxygen control, and temperature control, etc., and an intelligent symbiotic disaster monitoring system framework is constructed.