Abstract: Combined with the structural features of overburden rock at initial mining period in 22402 working face of Halagou Coal Mine, water inrush and sand inrush reasons are analyzed and corresponding prevention and control measures are provided. The results show that it is single key stratum structure at initial mining period in 22402 working face, sliding instability of key stratum leads to the overall sinking of the overlying strata. The water flowing fractured zone connects the aquifer and the face, the aquifer water drives the upper sand and collapses into the face and water inrush and sand inrush accident occurs. From before mining, during mining and emergency rescue three aspects, water inrush and sand inrush accident prevention technologies are provided.