Abstract: Emergency communication technologies and systems for mine post-disaster rescue scenarios generally use Wi-Fi as the relay and coverage solution. Due to the legal restrictions on continuous channel occupation time and the regulatory requirements for monitoring before access in unlicensed frequency bands, it is difficult to achieve extremely low latency. At the same time, multiple emergency communication devices in the same frequency band have co-frequency interference, which will affect the communication quality. 5G technology is oriented to public safety and Internet of Vehicles application scenarios, and defines Sidelink communication technology, which can realize low-latency and high-reliability direct communication between terminal devices. Aiming at the technical requirements of low-latency and high-reliability communication in mine emergency communication system, a mine emergency communication system architecture based on 5G Sidelink direct communication is proposed, and a mapping method between equipment identification and direct communication link time-frequency resource location is designed. The device transmits resource locations through pre-configured fronthaul links and backhaul links, and can communicate with adjacent front-end and back-end devices without establishing routing connections, and implement adjacent relays time-domain resources space division multiplexing by cyclically multiplexing and co-channel interference avoidance between devices. The method proposed in this paper can realize the relay networking mechanism without scheduling permission and simple routing and forwarding, realize the avoidance of co-channel interference under the space division multiplexing of transmission resources, and effectively improve the utilization efficiency of transmission resources. Under the conventional baseband parameters and networking configuration, the average air interface delay can reach 25 ms, which significantly reduces the transmission delay.