Abstract: To effectively control the coal dust generated in the coal production process, taking the respirable coal dust of Yushuling Coal Mine as the research object, the D-optimal design method was used to establish the regression model between the ratio of the dust suppressant and the evaporation amount, film-forming time, to investigate the optimal ratio of sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate, sodium polyacrylate, and calcium chloride, to analyze the single-factor effect of the three factors and the factor interaction, and to study its dust suppression performance by the characteristic parameters such as the hardness, the wind erosion resistance, water retention, etc. The results showed that the dust suppression performance of the dust suppressant is very good. The results showed that the dust suppression performance of the dust suppressant was very good. The results showed that the evaporation amount and film-forming time of the dust suppressant were affected by the effects of single factors and interactions among factors; the film-forming time of the dust suppressant Ⅰ (product) prepared with the optimal ratio was 36 min, and the evaporation amount was 2.5 g, which was basically in line with the prediction results of the established regression model. After spraying the product on the surface of coal dust, the hardness reached 78 HA, and the average evaporation was lower than 0.1 g. Under the action of 10 m/s wind speed, the dust suppression rate was 95.5%; the particles on the surface of the coal sample sprayed with the dust suppressant appeared to be bonded and agglomerated, forming a solidified layer to resist the disturbance of the wind flow and effectively reducing the flying ability of dust.