Abstract: With the depletion of shallow coal resources in China, the depth and intensity of coal mining have gradually increased in recent years, the amount of gas emission has increased sharply, and coal-rock compound disasters occur frequently, which brings great risks to mine safety production. In order to have a better understanding of the formation mechanism of coal-rock-gas compound dynamic disaster, the coal-rock combination with gas was taken as the research object to carry out the disaster experiment of coal-rock combination instability under different working conditions. The results show that when the accident occurs, the scattered pulverized coal is mainly concentrated in the middle and distal areas, and the throwing distance can be up to 17 meters. The relative intensity of disasters for coal-rock formations 1^# to 3^# increases from 12.61% to 20.53% under different gas pressures, showing an increase of 7.92%, and the type of disaster changes from compound disaster to coal and gas outburst. The smaller the gas pressure and roof strength, the greater the coal strength and ground stress, and other conditions are the same, it can promote the coal-rock-gas compound dynamic disaster.