Abstract: To investigate the impact of various operations in open-pit coal mines on dust pollution, Zhonglian Runshi Xinjiang Open-pit Mine was selected as the engineering background. Field measurements of dust concentration under the influence of dual dust sources were conducted, and the dust generation mechanism of open-pit coal mines was analyzed. By establishing a mathematical model for dust diffusion from dual sources in open-pit mines and using SolidWorks software to construct a proportional geometric model, the distribution characteristics of coupled dust source migration were further studied. The results indicate that during truck loading and transportation, large particles of dust settle rapidly due to centrifugal force and gravity while particles smaller than 5 μm are difficult to settle. Simulation results show that within 0 to 50 seconds, the dust mass concentration mainly changes around the dust generation area. From 50 to 150 seconds, the dust moves along the airflow direction and forms a vortex. After 150 seconds, some of dust settles or escapes; within 200 seconds, the dust diffusion distance increases with the increase of the time. The dust mass concentration is the highest at the center of the dust source and gradually decreases as the diffusion distance increases. In the case of dual dust sources, the dust mass concentration is the sum of the dust mass concentrations of different dust-generating area dust sources and each virtual source, moreover, large particles are prone to settle.