Abstract: In order to study the spatial and temporal changes of coal fires in Wugong Coal Mine in Xinjiang, and to provide help for the restoration and management of coal fires in mines. The Landsat8-9 OIL/TIRS C2 L2 remote sensing data from 2014 to 2023 were selected and divided into three phases, namely, mining period, shutdown period and control period, and the surface temperature was inverted using the split-window algorithm, and the inversion accuracy was verified by using the Pearson correlation analysis, and then combined with the field survey to classify the mine area into five grades of areas by using robust statistical method, namely, low-temperature zone, sub-low-temperature zone, sub high temperature area, sub-low temperature area, high temperature area, and coal fire area, using raster statistics, standard deviation ellipse and the introduction of land use transfer matrix, from the area, spatial change and the transfer of the rank area three dimensions to analyze the high temperature area of the mining area and the coal fire area, to get the rule of change of the coal fire in space and time. The results show that: the area of high-temperature area and coal fire area increased twice in the mining period and shutdown period, the coal fire was the most serious in 2017, and the area of coal fire began to decrease in the control period; the overall scope of coal fire from the mining period to the control period was reduced, shifted to the east-west direction, and the distribution of coal fire area was concentrated in the east-west direction; the transfer out and inflow objects of coal fire area in the three stages were high-temperature area, and the high-temperature area was the most serious in the mining period, and the transfer out in the mining period and the transfer out in the control period. The transfer out of the high-temperature zone in the mining period and the inflow object in the control period are mainly coal fire zones. The study result indicates that the control of high-temperature areas and coal fire areas is the key to the ecological restoration of mines.