Abstract: To reduce coal mine accidents and the resulting losses, this study utilizes geographic information systems (GIS) and standard deviation ellipses to visualize the spatiotemporal evolution of coal mine accidents based on data from 2018 to 2023. Statistical analysis is conducted from accident frequency, severity, type, and temporal distribution to explore the features and evolving patterns of coal mine accidents. The results indicate that both the number of accidents and fatalities showed a fluctuating downward trend during this period. Significant regional disparities exist in accident distribution, with higher accident frequencies in northern provinces but higher fatalities per incident in southern provinces. The minor and major axes of the standard deviational ellipse exhibited a decreasing trend, reflecting a gradual spatial concentration of accidents, while the center of gravity shifted from central China to the northwest. Roof fall and transportation accidents emerged as the most frequent types, whereas roof fall and gas explosions caused the highest fatalities. The number and proportion of general accidents continued to rise, with only one extremely severe accident occurring. A distinct seasonal pattern was observed, with higher accident rates in summer. Study result indicates that the safety production work in China’s coal mines has gradually achieved significant results, but the overall situation remains severe and further strengthening of safety supervision is needed. Different regions should adopt differentiated management strategies, with a focus on enhancing technical prevention for roof and gas accidents, optimizing production scheduling to avoid seasonal accidents, and strengthening employee safety training, thereby ensuring the safety of coal mine operations.