槽波地震勘探震动回路触发系统研究与应用

    Research and application of vibration loop triggering system for channel wave seismic detection

    • 摘要: 为了改进有缆串联式槽波地震的触发系统,基于煤矿新型起爆设备与脉冲触发单元不匹配导致槽波地震无法施工的实际情况,提出了1种以震动回路触发方式为核心的触发系统。震动回路触发系统包括震动回路触发探测网络、多灵敏度震动开关、类同步触发法等多项改进工艺。其原理是:数据采集时,在巷道内布置由震动回路触发器和槽波设备组合成的探测网络,将震动回路触发器固定安装在激发炮点附近的巷帮或支护体上,并根据现场施工环境设置震动回路触发器的合适灵敏度;当炮点内数码电子雷管起爆炸药形成地震波在煤层中传播,安设在附近的震动回路触发器发生震动,其内震动开关的铜质小球与铜质外管碰撞接触形成回路,震动回路触发器立即触发,输出状态改变,链接的信号传输器引导地震仪同步开始数据采集。结果表明:系统采用震动回路触发方式取代原有脉冲触发方式,解决了煤矿更换数码电子雷管等新起爆设备后槽波地震无法正常施工问题;多灵敏度震动开关具有高、中、低多级灵敏度,支持多种复杂环境下的震动触发,提高了适用性和实用性;震动开关呈纵横向成组并联连接,确保了震动发生后震动开关多回路进入震动触发状态,提高了触发的成功率和完成率;类同步触发法中震动回路触发器紧挨激发炮点,启动延时极短,排除了雷管不确定延迟误差影响,形成类同步触发效果,降低了延时误差,实现了槽波地震的准确触发。

       

      Abstract: In order to improve the triggering system of cable-connected channel-wave earthquakes, based on the actual situation that the new detonation equipment in coal mines does not match the pulse triggering unit, resulting in the inability to carry out channel-wave earthquakes, a triggering system with the vibration circuit triggering mode as the core is proposed. The vibration loop triggering system includes multiple improved processes such as the vibration circuit triggering detection network, multi-sensitivity vibration switch, and quasi-synchronous triggering method. The principle is that during data collection, a detection network composed of vibration loop triggers and channel wave equipment is arranged in the roadway. The vibration loop triggers are fixedly installed on the roadway side or support body near the excitation shot point, and the appropriate sensitivity of the vibration loop triggers is set according to the on-site construction environment. When the digital electronic detonator detonates the explosive inside the shot point, the seismic wave propagates in the coal seam, and the trigger device of vibration loop will vibrate near the firing point. The copper ball collides with the copper outer tube in the vibration switch, and collision contact forms a current loop. The trigger device of vibration loop is triggered immediately, the output state changes, and the linked signal transmitter guides the seismic equipment to synchronously start data acquisition. The results show that the system adopts the trigger mode of vibration loop instead of the pulse trigger mode, which solves the problem about the channel wave earthquake can not work normally after the replacement of digital electronic detonator and other new detonating equipment in coal mine. The multi-sensitivity vibration switch has high, medium and low sensitivity. It can support the vibration triggering in various complex environments and improve the applicability and practicability. The vibration switch is installed and connected in vertical and horizontal groups to ensure that the vibration switch can enter the vibration triggering state in multiple loops after the vibration occurs, and improve the success rate and completion rate of the vibration triggering. In the trigger method of class synchronous, the trigger device of vibration loop is installed close to the firing point, and the starting delay is very short, eliminated the effect of uncertain delay error about detonator, forms the trigger effect of class synchronous, reduces the delay error, and realizes the accurate triggering of the channel wave earthquake.

       

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