Abstract: The application of energy-absorbing material on the top beam of the hydraulic support can effectively improve its impact resistance under instantaneous dynamic loading. In order to investigate the impact of energy-absorbing material on the impact resistance of hydraulic support, a test study based on energy-absorbing material were conducted to investigate the impact resistance characteristics of hydraulic support. First, based on the size and properties of the top beam structure and energy-absorbing material, the geometric parameters of the silicon-based stress-sensitive energy-absorbing material, such as length, width, and thickness, were determined. Second, hydraulic support drop hammer impact test rig was developed, and the reasonable installation positions of pressure sensors, infrared sensors, data acquisition card, and high-speed camera were designed for data collection. Finally, a test scheme was developed for the hydraulic support drop hammer impact test with different thickness of energy-absorbing material on the top beam. The impact resistance characteristics of hydraulic support based on energy-absorbing material were then experimentally investigated, and the effects of different thickness of energy-absorbing material on the leg displacement, pressure change, and response time were compared and analyzed. The test results show that the silicon-based stress-sensitive energy-absorbing material fully responds to the instantaneous impact within 18 ms, and the energy absorbed by the energy-absorbing material accounts for 32.7% of the total impact work. The lower chamber pressure of leg under the impact of the hydraulic support with five layers of energy-absorbing material is 35.8 MPa, which is 23% lower than that of the hydraulic support without energy-absorbing material. The impact oscillation time is 58 ms, which is 48.7% longer than that of the hydraulic support without energy-absorbing material. After the impact, the main structure of the energy-absorbing material was intact, demonstrating its high sensitivity, strong energy absorption, peak reduction, and impact damage resistance characteristics. Applying a reasonable thickness and size of silicon-based stress-sensitive energy-absorbing material on the top beam of the hydraulic support can improve the impact resistance.