Abstract: In order to solve the problem of serious dust pollution in the dust producing area of the core operation of coal mine, the latest research progress of coal mine dust control technology is comprehensively discussed, and the key issues in practical application of spray dust removal technology and ventilation dust removal technology are deeply discussed. In view of the current research status of new spray and ventilation technologies, the dust removal capabilities of different technologies are systematically described. Based on literature research methods, domestic and foreign literatures are divided into experimental research and numerical simulation for analysis. It is pointed out that ventilation and dust removal technologies have deficiencies such as imperfect airflow and dust migration laws, inaccurate air volume control, and poor capacity of auxiliary ventilation devices. The limitations of the gas-dust-fog three-phase coupling model, such as large calculation amount, poor simulation effect of spray environment, backward dynamic monitoring and control ability are revealed. In addition, although chemical dust suppression and water injection dust reduction can effectively inhibit dust diffusion, it is limited by the technical bottlenecks of poor compatibility of chemical reagents and low permeability efficiency of coal seam, resulting in unstable dust suppression effect. Therefore, in the future, advanced simulation technology should be developed to realize real-time monitoring and accurate control of air flow and dust, and a more accurate gas-dust-fog three-phase coupling model with less calculation should be developed to quantitatively analyze the dust removal efficiency of spray, and more accurately simulate the influence of complex air flow field disturbance on spray diffusion. Strengthen the research and development of environment-friendly dust suppressants to realize the coordination of efficient dust suppression and ecological safety, the collaborative application of water injection and chemical dust suppression technology is promoted to improve the dust control efficiency of coal mine. Through the combination of theoretical innovation and engineering practice, the intelligent development of dust control technology is promoted, the underground working environment is improved, and the health of workers is guaranteed, which provides theoretical support and research means for the development of coal mine dust control technology.