Abstract: Advanced detection of water abundance in rock strata ahead of roadway excavation is critical for ensuring mining safety. Conventional mine electrical prospecting techniques, constrained by axial observation system layouts, suffer from insufficient azimuthal discrimination of electrical anomalies, significantly limiting their practical application efficacy. To address this technical bottleneck, a novel triaxial apparent resistivity detection method for roadway excavation is proposed and its detection workflow is delineated. By establishing a theoretical model of an infinite low-resistivity slab-shaped anomaly within a full-space homogeneous medium, a three-dimensional observation coordinate system including roadway axial (x), lateral (y), and vertical (z) directions was constructed to derive analytical expressions for triaxial apparent resistivity responses. Numerical simulations and theoretical analysis were conducted to investigate the influence of slab-shaped anomaly attitude parameters (azimuth and dip angles) on triaxial apparent resistivity response characteristics. The study reveals that: the x-direction apparent resistivity curves exhibit stable “H-type” pattern, independent of anomaly azimuth and dip angles, though their anomaly amplitudes and detection pole distances at extremum points are significantly affected by attitude parameters; y-direction curves demonstrate high sensitivity to azimuth angles but negligible dependence on dip angles, with their curve types predominantly governed by azimuth variations; z-direction curves display complementary behavior to y-direction responses, showing high sensitivity to dip angles while remaining largely unaffected by azimuth variations, with curve types primarily determined by dip parameters. Compared to traditional axial electrical methods, the proposed approach enables multi-dimensional electrical characterization of anomaly attitudes, preserving conventional axial method advantages while achieving enhanced anomaly resolution by integrated interpretation of triaxial apparent resistivity.