Abstract: With the increase in depth of coal mining and the complexity of roadway branch extension, the requirements for air volume control quality in each underground roadway are getting higher and higher. As one of the main ventilation structures, air windows require real-time adjustment according to the variation of required air volume for the roadway, the complexity of mine ventilation network and the change of environmental factors have a great impact on the automatic regulation of wind windows, resulting in low accuracy of air volume regulation and easy to be disturbed, requiring frequent manual adjustment. In response to the above-mentioned problems, an automatic control system of underground air window based on PLC and linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) is proposed. The scheme of air window automatic control system is designed according to the coal mine underground air volume accurate adjustment demand, and based on the principle of automatic control of wind window, numerical simulation was conducted to analyze the relationships between air window opening angles, airflow areas, and local wind resistance, according to the simulation results, the relationship between the local wind resistance and the opening angle of the wind window is determined. The mathematical model of the air volume control system was fitted based on the model identification method. A linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) algorithm was designed to achieve precise air volume regulation. The air window control platform based on programmable logic controller (PLC) is established, and the host computer software and touch screen control software are designed by using configuration technology to ensure safety redundancy and realize remote monitoring of the air window. The experimental results show that when the linear active disturbance rejection control algorithm is used to control the air volume, compared with the traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and fuzzy PID algorithms, the overshoot of step response is reduced by 35.9% and 36.9%, the rise time is increased by 73.3% and 66.7%, and the adjustment time after interference is reduced by 94.6% and 93.6%. When the wind window automatic control system is used to continuously adjust the air volume, the maximum error is 1.795 m³/min, and the root mean square value is 4.187 m³/min. The automatic control system of wind window can adjust the air volume in real time and accurately to meet the changes of the air volume demand in the roadway, reduce the air volume adjustment time, and has a high control precision, and significantly improve the anti-interference ability of the system.