重复爆破震动下露天煤矿边坡稳定性及累积破坏数值模拟

    Numerical simulation of open pit slope cumulative failure and stability under repeated blasting

    • 摘要: 为研究别斯库都克露天煤矿边坡在重复爆破震动作用下的稳定性及累积损伤效应,采用3DEC软件开展了深入分析。依据边坡结构特征建立数值模型,以现场实测爆破地震波作为震动输入,模拟分析了边坡水平位移、稳定性系数及破坏过程随爆破次数增加的演变规律,并通过现场位移监测结果验证了模型的合理性。模拟结果表明,重复爆破震动下边坡的破坏过程可分为3个阶段:初始损伤阶段、裂隙扩展阶段和失稳破坏阶段;随着爆破次数增加,各台阶累积位移持续增大,呈现“慢−快−慢”的变化趋势;边坡稳定性系数整体逐渐下降,变化规律表现为“先慢后快”;当重复爆破达到320次时,稳定性系数降至1.0,边坡进入临界失稳状态。进一步通过参数敏感性分析,研究了爆破震动加速度幅值及层面厚度对边坡动力响应的影响。结果表明,随着震动次数的增加,各台阶累积位移均持续增长;当输入地震波峰值加速度分别为0.1g、0.2g、0.4g时,边坡稳定性系数从初始的4.7降至1.0所需的震动次数依次为290、180、24次,表明震动幅值越大,边坡失稳所需震动次数越少;当层面厚度为3 m和8 m时,边坡初始稳定系数分别为3.82和6.58,经过162次和467次震动后均降至1.0并发生失稳,说明层面厚度越大,边坡初始稳定性越高,失稳所需震动次数也越多。

       

      Abstract: To study the stability and cumulative failure of Beskuduk Open-pit Mine slope under repeated blasting vibration, the 3DEC software is adopted to deeply investigate it. The slope numerical model is set up according to the slope structure characteristic. The measured blasting seismic wave of the mine is used as the vibration input of the model, and the variation laws of the slope horizontal displacement, stability coefficient and failure process with the number of blasting vibrations are simulated and analyzed. The field displacement monitoring results are adopted to validate this numerical model. The results show that the failure process of the slope under repeated blasting vibration can be divided into three stages: the initial failure stage, the crack development stage and the instability failure stage; with the increase of the number of blasting, the cumulative displacement of each bench continuously increases, and shows a slow-fast-slow variation law. The stability coefficient of the slope gradually decreases, and shows a slow-fast variation law. When the slope is subjected to 320 repeated blasting vibrations, the stability coefficient of the slope drops to 1, reaching the critical failure state. The influence law of the vibration acceleration amplitude and layer thickness on the dynamic response of the slope is studied with the parameter sensitivity analysis. It was found that with the increase of the number of vibrations, the cumulative displacement of each bench continuously increases. When the peak acceleration of the seismic wave is 0.1g, 0.2g and 0.4g respectively, the number of vibrations required for the slope stability coefficient to drop from the initial 4.7 to 1 is 290, 180 and 24 respectively. That is, the larger the vibration load amplitude, the smaller the number of vibrations required for slope instability failure. When the layer thickness is 3 m and 8 m respectively, the slope stability coefficient decreases from the initial 3.82 and 6.58 to 1 after 162 and 467 vibrations respectively, and the slope becomes unstable. That is, the larger the layer thickness is, the stronger the initial stability of the slope is, and the more vibrations are required for failure.

       

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