Abstract:
Roadways affected by close-distance cross-mining are subjected to superimposed concentrated stress from the sectional coal pillar of the upper coal seam and mining-induced stress of the lower working face for a long time. The surrounding rock of roadways is prone to engineering problems such as large deformation, shear failure of the anchoring system and extensive expansion of the plastic zone. Conventional single active support fails to satisfy the long-term stability control requirements of roadways under intense dynamic mining pressure. To reveal the failure mechanism of surrounding rock in roadways under dynamic pressure induced by close-distance cross-mining and propose an efficient control technology, the II
1 track downhill roadway of Renlou Coal Mine is taken as the engineering background. Combined research methods including theoretical analysis, mechanical modeling, numerical simulation and field test, based on elastic mechanics and the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion, the implicit boundary equation of the surrounding rock plastic zone for dynamic-pressure roadways under non-uniform stress field is derived. The influences of vertical and horizontal mining disturbances on the morphology, range and evolution law of the plastic zone are analyzed under different lateral pressure coefficients (
λ=0.8, 1.0, 1.5). A numerical model for the roadway under cross-mining influence is established using FLAC
3D, four support schemes are designed, and the distribution characteristics of surrounding rock stress, displacement and plastic zone are compared. A combined active-passive cooperative support technology of bolt+cable+U-steel shed is proposed. The research results show that under the superimposed action of dynamic pressure load and stress, the plastic zone of the roadway sequentially presents four typical morphologies of circle, ellipse, rounded rectangle and butterfly with the increase of the mining influence coefficient. The II
1 track downhill roadway of Renlou Coal Mine develops a butterfly-shaped plastic zone under intense dynamic mining pressure, and surrounding rock failure is jointly dominated by stress concentration, fracture development and dynamic evolution of mining-induced stress. Numerical simulation results indicate that the active-passive cooperative support reduces the area of the surrounding rock plastic zone by 84.1% and raises the peak vertical stress to 20.8 MPa, which significantly strengthens the bearing structure of surrounding rock. Field application demonstrates that after adopting the cooperative support technology, the maximum convergence of the roadway roof and floor is 140 mm, and the maximum convergence of two sidewalls is 120 mm. The deformation rate of surrounding rock gradually decays and tends to be stable. Bolts and anchor cables bear uniform and stable stress without failure or fracture, forming a cooperative bearing system composed of support structures and surrounding rock.