Abstract: In practical applications of coal mines, there is a low-probability phenomenon of double-opening in pneumatic dampers. To solve the problem of pneumatic damper locking failure, we first analyze the action logic of the pneumatic damper in the default, open and closed states. Specifically, the damper opening action requires the opening of the local damper and the locking of the opposite damper, while the closing action requires the closing of the local damper and the unlocking of the opposite damper. Secondly, the locking logic of the pneumatic damper air circuit and the causes of locking failure were analyzed by simplifying the damper air circuit into the door opening section control air circuit, the locking section control air circuit, and the door opening section power air circuit. The damper locking time is composed of the execution time of the door opening section control air circuit and the execution time of the locking section control air circuit. Through analyzing the damper opening time interval and the damper locking time, it was concluded that the pneumatic damper locking failure is related to the air circuit locking response time. The air circuit locking response time is composed of the execution time difference of the air circuits controlled by the damper opening sections on both sides, the execution time of the air circuit controlled by the locking section, and the additional time consumed by the button box, and is mainly determined by the execution time of the locking section air circuit. When the time interval between the opening of the dampers on both sides is less than the air circuit locking response time, the pneumatic locking fails, resulting in the double-opening phenomenon of the damper. Finally, based on the actual installation position of the pneumatic locking device, the damper control air circuit was designed, analyzed, and optimized. When the locking device is in the damper opening control air circuit section, after the double-opening of damper, it will remain open in both without external intervention. The optimization can be achieved by extending the damper opening time interval through institutional management or adjusting the air circuit to shorten the execution time of the damper locking section. When the locking device is in the damper closing control air circuit section, after the double-opening of damper, it will close automatically without external intervention, greatly shortening the double-opening time of the damper. Similarly, the optimization can be achieved through institutional management and air circuit adjustment to minimize the possibility of damper double-opening.