Abstract: To address the problems of inadequate structural selection, insufficient performance optimization, and lack of intelligence in the technological development of dry dust collectors under the high-dust environment of coal mine heading faces, this study systematically summarizes the typical structural types and performance differences of current mining dry dust collectors, clarifies the applicable scenarios of different types of equipment, and provides a scientific basis and technical support for dust prevention and control in heading faces. First, the structural characteristics and operating principles of filter-type, cyclone-type, inertial-type, and gravity-type dry dust collectors were analyzed. A five-dimensional performance evaluation system was proposed, including dust removal efficiency, operating resistance, filter media maintainability, humidity adaptability, and structural compactness, and a multi-dimensional performance scoring was conducted. Second, through literature review and on-site investigations, the main existing problems of dry dust collectors were summarized, such as dynamic air volume adjustment, filter media clogging in high-humidity environments, insufficient structural flexibility, high maintenance intensity, and the risk of secondary dust emission. Finally, aiming at the above problems, the future development trends of dry dust collectors were proposed. The research results show that the dust collectors filter cartridge and bag filter structures of dust collectors have high dust removal efficiency but face problems of frequent maintenance and poor humidity adaptability; although cyclone-type, inertial-type, and gravity-type structures of dust collectors have relatively low dust removal efficiency, they feature simple structures and low maintenance costs, making them suitable for primary pretreatment processes. Based on the analysis of typical on-site working conditions, it is found that constant-speed fans cannot effectively match the dynamic changes of dust mass concentration in heading faces (typical fluctuation range of 300 mg/m³ to 1 400 mg/m³). Filter media are prone to scaling and clogging when the relative humidity exceeds 80%, the system operation and maintenance intensity is high, the equipment volume is relatively large, and there is a lack of an intelligent condition monitoring system. To address these issues, key directions for future technological development are proposed, including intelligent variable frequency control of fans, development of composite functional filter media (such as hydrophobic and antistatic coated materials), modular combined structure design (such as cyclone + filter cartridge combination), and intelligent monitoring with remote operation and maintenance. The development of mining dry dust removal technology urgently needs to shift from single structural optimization to coordinated advancement in four dimensions: intelligent regulation, modular design, multi-stage collaborative dust removal, and intelligent operation and maintenance management, so as to achieve efficient control of the complex dust conditions in heading faces.