Abstract: Taking safety behavior observation method, the workers in a pilot coal mine occurring major gas explosion accident were taken as samples, and the emergency behavior of the workers were observed, and the observation time was 2 times, and the two observation data were compared, and the effectiveness of the observation experiment was carried out, and the comparison with the pre-setting emergency plan and the exercise script, and then improve the emergency plan and the script. The results showed that the participating individuals of six types after two rounds of experiments, the job safety number growth rate followed by the drivers of coal miners (37.5%), shearer (25%), tile overseer (25%), blaster (25%), electrical and mechanical maintenance industry and trade (25%). In the trend of the 2 round observation experiments, the growth rate is 5.63%, 15.66%. Validity of the questionnaire analysis showed that 85% of the participating population should be carried out more similar emergency behavior training work, 30% of the population in the observed experiment proposed many suggestions for improvement.